Five evidence states

StateUsesCan establishCannot establish
SimulationConstructed scenariosRule behavior under specified assumptionsHistorical or live market performance
Historical backtestRecorded past dataPast-data result under the model and cost assumptionsFuture performance or actual fills
Paper/testnetCurrent or test data, no equivalent production capitalWorkflow, integration and decision behaviorProduction liquidity, impact and capital risk
Shadow modeLive market data without ordersReal-time signal and control behaviorActual execution or realized P&L
LiveProduction orders and capitalObserved result for that account, period and sizeFuture returns or results at larger scale

A dashboard needs a denominator

“40% return” is incomplete without capital, dates, cash flows, costs, benchmark, drawdown and whether the number is annualized. APY can magnify a short observation window into an unstable annual figure. The calculation method must remain close to the number.

Backtest quality checklist

  • Data existed and was available at the decision timestamp
  • Asset universe includes delisted and failed assets where relevant
  • Parameters were not selected using the reported test interval
  • Fees, spreads, slippage, funding and borrow are included
  • Order size respects historical market depth
  • Drawdown and adverse regimes are visible
  • Results are compared with a simple baseline

Live-result quality checklist

  • Account and observation period are defined
  • Deposits, withdrawals and strategy changes are visible
  • Returns are net or gross with costs stated
  • Open positions and unrealized P&L are handled consistently
  • Maximum drawdown and exposure accompany return
  • Verification scope and independent access are explained

How this affects Knidos links

The current Knidos product overview visibly labels its displayed metrics as backtest performance. We preserve that label when linking to it. A future change to live status would require a new evidence review rather than a silent copy update.

Inspect the current Knidos page ↗

Sources